Integrating passenger and freight transport

Integrating passenger and freight transport is a tactical solution developed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the transport system as a whole. This solution aims at reducing transport costs, including operational and external costs. The integration can be performed either by sharing infrastructure, vehicles, or spaces. Examples of integration are rather common in long- and medium-haul transport, as well as for specific transport modes, whereas they are more limited in urban contexts and in relation to the last-mile leg of trips.