Circular and Adaptive Transformation of the Housing Stock towards a Regenerative Future

The transition from a linear economy to a CE (circular economy) has the potential to reduce resource use, environmental impacts, and waste in the built environment. Creating a CE in the built environment is therefore of fundamental importance to achieve a sustainable society. Through the application of a systemic approach that considers the building as a set of technological subsystems (e.g. vertical closures, roof, furniture, etc.), components (e.g. infill panels), and materials, this paper—starting from a review of the literature on the topic of the CE applied to construction—establishes a framework of circular design strategies and definitions that link the VRPs (value retention processes) framework, based on the R-imperatives, to the Design-for-X strategies. The first research objective is to develop a design tool for circular building components and technological subsystems.