Le costruzioni in muratura e legno : alcune considerazioni sulle metodologie di lettura, restituzione e interpretazione

The assessment of the structural safety of historical constructions requires s the development of an accurate and careful methodology based on knowledge of both the consistency of the construction material and the state of degradation of the building . In the process of acquiring this information, the role of the passing of time must be considered because of the continuous transformations of the constructions. A methodology of this kind makes it possible to define effective interpretative models which may be subsequently used as predictive tools for the structural behavior. These models should consider the intrinsic characteristics of the historical building, i.e. that the single constitutive elements in masonry and wood represent a unique resistant system with a constructive hierarchy of the elements themselves. The methodological approach involves fundamental aspects for the evaluation of structural safety, which are preparatory, as well as mandatory, for respecting the conservation principles in case of consolidation intervention. The constitutive components have to be analyzed firstly as a single element, then with respect to their reciprocal constructive relationships and, in conclusion, they have to be reassembled according to the hierarchy characterizing the constructive system as a unit.